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The Jewish diaspora (Hebrew: Tfutza) or Exile (Hebrew: Galut; Yiddish: Golus) refers to the dispersion of Israelites, Judahites, and later Jews out of what is considered their ancestral homeland (the Land of Israel) and the communities built by them across the world. But this is not the first time the Jews have left or been exiled. A brief timeline 2091 BC Abraham goes to Canaan 1876 BC Jacob's family goes to Egypt 1550 BC Egyptian slavery begins 1446 BC Exodus 1406 BC Joshua enters Canaan 930 BC Israel splits into Judah (Southern Kingdom) and Israel (Northern Kingdom) 722 BC N. kingdom (Israel) falls to Assyria 586-97 BC S. Kingdom (Judah) falls to Babylon Solomn's Temple Destroyed 605 BC Daniel taken captive to Babylon 458 BC Ezra returns to Jerusalem 5 BC Christ born 70 CE Rome destroys the Second Temple after the Jewish Roman war 135 CE Hadrian's army defeates the Jewish armies and Jewish independence was lost. Jews were banned from living in Jerusalem. This began the diaspora (scattering of the population to other parts of the world.) The Greek term for diaspora also appears three times in the New Testament, where it refers to the scattering of Israel, i.e., the Ten Northern Tribes of Israel Most of the Jewish people in this period, especially the wealthy families, went to Babylonia. The poorest but most fervent of the exiles returned to Judah 360 - the late Roman Empire, Jews were free to form networks of cultural and religious ties and enter into various local occupations. 380 - Christianity became the official religion of Rome and Constantinople Jews were increasingly marginalized. 610-620 Sassanids Dynasty of Persia defeat the Byzantines (Eastern Romans) and take over Syria, Palestine, Egypt and most of Asia minor 630-660 - Early Muslim/Arab conquests of the Middle East, N. Africa, and Iberian Peninsula (Spain Portugal) 700 - Muslims had conquered and settled most of the Iberian Peninsula. Jews, who had lived in these regions since Roman times, were considered "People of the Book" (adherents of Abrahamic religions) and given special status and often thrived. The tolerance of the Muslim Moorish rulers of al-Andalus attracted Jewish immigration, and Jewish enclaves in Muslim Iberian cities flourished as places of learning and commerce. 800 - Charlemagne's expansion of the Frankish empire around 800, including northern Italy and Rome, Created opportunities for Jewish merchants to settle again north of the Alps. His Majesty's Government views with favor the establishment in Palestine of a national home for the Jewish people, and will use their best endeavors to facilitate the achievement of this object, it being clearly understood that nothing shall be done which may prejudice the civil and religious rights of existing non-Jewish communities in Palestine or the rights and political status enjoyed by Jews in any other country.1918 - After WWI the British and French carved up the old Ottoman Empire into spheres of influence and created the state of Palestine. 1936-39 Arab opposition to British policies developed into the Arab revolt. 1945 - Both the United States and Britain supported the Balfour Declaration of 1917, which favored the establishment of a Jewish national home in Palestine, but resisted implementing it for fear of problems with Arabs.
1947 -
On November 29, 1947 the United Nations adopted Resolution 181 (also known as the Partition Resolution) that would divide Great Britain’s former Palestinian mandate into Jewish and Arab states in May 1948 when the British mandate was scheduled to end. 1948 - After the establishment of the state of Israel the Arab-Israeli War of 1948 broke out when five Arab nations invaded territory in the former Palestinian mandate; The goal was to block the Partition Resolution and to prevent the establishment of the Jewish state. Links: Bible Genealogy The nations of Noah's descendants Middle East Empires Palestine During World War I | Jewish Virtual Library Remapping Europe and the Middle East after World War I
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