Timeline | Kings |Terms

Timeline
4,000 BC - First tribes came from European mainland (Mediterraneans and
           Proto-Nordic types).
         They are still pushing back the date of Pictish arrival in Scotland.
         In fact, Picts were possibly following in the wake the retreating
         glaciers around 6000 BC, which would make them the first,
         aboriginal, inhabitants.
  (See Ancient Roots under Finley in CA Families for links to the Bible.)
1,700 BC - Milesians (Descendants King Milesius Spain) move to Ireland.
600 BC - Celts started arriving in Ireland
         The Celts lived in an area which today is mostly in Eastern France.
         The area stretched from roughly where Luxembourg is today to a bit
         further south than Geneva and took in parts modern day
         West Germany and Switzerland.
  300 BC - First written history of Celtic tribes (Picts in the north and
         Britons in the south) coming from western Europe into Scotland.
  100 BC - Arrival the Gaels in Ireland

  80 AD - Romans invade Scotland and call it Caledonia.
           They call the native people Picts.
 120 - Hadrian's Wall built across northern England to protect Romans from Picts.
 258 - First migration Scots from Ireland to the area around Argyle.
 397 - Roman literature describes the warring tribe based in Ireland as
       the "Scots".
 410 - United Scottish tribes attack the Romans in London
       and plunder their treasures.
 410 - Romans leave and the Celts, made up two principal groups:
       the Picts in the north and Britons in the south reclaimed the land.
       Another reference refers to the two groups as the
       Gaels (Irish, Scots and Manx) and the Britons (Welsh and Cornish).
 449 - British leader, Vortigen, invites the Jutes, Germanics from 
       Denmark, to come help  Britain defend against the Picts.
       The Jutes brought with them a horde of their racial cousins,
       including the dreaded Saxons and the Angles.
 460 - The Legendary "Arthur", King the Britons  is claimed to have led a
       band elite Celtic warriors in a struggle against the invading,
       pagan Saxons.
 4xx - Norse (Viking) settle in northern (Shetland and Orkney) and
       Western Islands.
 498 - Fergus Mor MacErc, chief the Irish tribe called Scots moved the
       royal seat Irish Dal Riada from northern Ireland to Dunnadd in Argyll.
       There are now four major Nations in Britain
==  Draw map
     —The Anglo-Saxons,  Territory extends from Portsmouth to the Forth,
      The Britons,  Kingdom Stretches from Cornwall to the Clyde
       The Picts or Caledonians, Kingdom extends from the Forth to
                                           the Pentland Frith,
       The Scots, Kingdom boundary nearly identical  with Argyleshire
 571 - Anglo-Saxon victory leading to the eventual final defeat the British.
 793 - Viking invasions start with the destruction Lindisfarne monastery.
       Invasions continue to 1100. Orkney and Shetland became Norse colonies,
       followed by the entire Hebrides and areas the mainland.
 802 - Vikings (Danes) plunder Iona.
 844 - Kenneth MacAlpin, king the Scots, establishes the kingdom
       Alba uniting the Scots and Picts.

 990 - 1060 - Many violent struggles for the Scottish throne.
       Constantine III, Kenneth III, Malcom II, Duncan I, Macbeth,
        Malcom III
1066 - Norman Conquest England begins
1080 - Malcom III introduces feudalism to Scotland
1100-1250 - Scotland fights England over control Scotland
1249-1286 - Alexander III advances Scottish life with improved roads,
            agriculture, trade and peace with England.
1296 - Edward England invades Scotland and wins the Battle Dunbar
1314 - Robert Bruce defeats an English army in the Battle Bannockburn
1320 - Scots officially declare their independence.
1328 - England recognizes Robert Bruce as King Robert I Scotland.
137? - Stuart's win struggle for leadership
1513 - James IV Stuart invades England
1542 - Mary Stuart, daughter James V,  becomes Queen Scots
1560's The Presbyterian Church becomes the national church Scotland
1567 - Mary, a Catholic, was forced by Protestants to give up her
       throne to her infant son, James VI.
== Family name for protestant rulers
1587 - Mary executed.
1603 - Elizabeth I England died and James VI inherits the English
       throne. James rules Scotland and England as separate kingdoms.
1610 - Plantations in Northern Ireland (Ulster) starts a migration of Scots
1638 - The National Covenant. A Protestant (mostly Lowland, later called
       Presbyterian) movement forms.
1642 - English Puritans, led by Oliver Cromwell, turn against James son
       Charles I and Civil war breaks out in England
1649 - Charles, who has fled to Scotland, is captured and turned over to
       the Puritans, who behead him.
1650 - Cromwell defeats Charles's II forces in the Battle Dunbar.
1689 - William Orange and Mary become joint sovereigns the UK.
1689 - Highlanders, called Jacobites, who remained loyal to the Stuarts,
       start fighting against the crown.
 - Cambells massacre 38 MacDonald Clan members at Glencoe
       on government order.
1707 - Scottish and English parliaments pass the Act Union joining
       Scotland, Wales and England.
1715 - Jacobites lead a rebellion against English rule.
== Where?
1744 - The world's first Golf Club founded.
       (the Honourable Company Edinburgh Golfers)
1745 - Second Jacobite rebellion led by Charles Edward Stuart
       (Bonnie Prince Charlie)
1746 - Charles defeated at battle Culloden. The English execute many
       clan chiefs and outlaw kilts and bagpipes.
1759 - Robert Burns born Jan. 25 at Alloway.
1768 - The first edition the "Encyclopaedia Britannica" was
       published in Edinburgh
1785 - Highland Clearances.
1845-47 - Potato famine in Ireland caused by plant disease.


See Also: Notable Dates in Scottish History  Department Geography,
The University Edinburgh.

Scottish History Timeline at Skyelander.

Clan Wars:
Clan Campbell and Clan MacDonald
The clash between these two ancient Celtic houses, which has lasted for hundreds of years, is not just about lands, religion, Jacobitism, or even betrayal. Rather, it is about power. See:
Category:Scottish clan battles - Wikipedia