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• Stromberg-Carlson Oak Magneto Wall Telephone. 1882-1940
  Also manufactured by Western Electric, Kellogg Switchboard and Supply Company and others.
  When you turned the crank it rotated some coils thru several large magnets (the magneto) to ring any phone connected to your party line.
• Candlestick phone with dial 1920-1950 - My Grandparents in Davis had one.
  The first candlestick phones did not have dials. (1904)
  
• Model 102 (or D1) cradle phone. 1932-1955
  
• Western Electric model 500 dial phone 1958-1984.
  We have one that still works at our cabin. It does not require electrical power over the phone line so works in a power outage. They were hard wired thru a plate in the wall, so t couldn't be moved.
  In 1963 they started making them with push buttons for "touch tone" service
• Western Electric Trimline Phone 1965-2000
  Both dial and touch-tone versions.
  Had a predecesor to the RJ11 jack so it could be plugged into a wall outlet and moved around.
  It had a lighted dial which first required a separate transformer to supply power.
• Cordless Phone (1980's - present) - A base station plugs into your telephone line and sends a radio signal to multiple other phones you can move around with in your house.
• VoIP (Voice over IP) (1995-)- This telephone adapter plugs into the modem which supplies your Wi-Fi. It has a plug for your telephone service.
  You can take it with you and plug it into any broadband internet connection in the world and receive your calls with any landLine phone.
• A Mobile phone also called a cell phone 1983-present.
  The first handheld mobile phone was demonstrated by Motorola in 1973.
  It operated over the cellular network designed by Bell Labs.
  

Data over a dial-up phone link.
Acoustic coupler for a modem over dial-up data services - Compuserve, The Source, AOL. (1970)
Fax machines also used acoustic couplers.
In 1968 the Carterfone Decision allowed devices not produced by AT&T to be connected to the AT&T network. Modems that could be plugged directly into the network were produced a few years later.

In 1983, the Motorola DynaTAC 8000x was the first commercially available handheld mobile phone.
See Mobile phone - Wikipedia

2000 - Wireless bluetooth headset for hands-free calling thru a mobile phone.

Smart Phones:
 
The Palm Treo (2002)and BlackBerry (1999) were the first smart phones in the early 2000's.
They merged functions of personal digital assistants (PDAs) -- Calendars, Contact Lists, Notes -- with mobile phone technology
and included Internet funcuntions like messaging, email and limited web browsing.

2007 - The iPhone was introduced.
Google announces it will offer the Android mobile operating system for free.

2010 Samsung Galaxy introduced using the Android Operating system.

In 2019, the top smartphone developers worldwide were Samsung (23%), Huawei (19%), and Apple (12%).

The Apple Watch 2015-. Allowed you to make calls thru your phone.
The series 3 (2017) allowed you to make calls without your phone.