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Corrective lenses (eyeglasses or contact lenses) are mainly used to treat:
- Myopia - Near-sightedness - Hard to read signs in the distance.
- Hyperopia - Far-sightedness - Hard to read books, maps, ...
- Astigmatism - Abnormally curvature of the cornea or lens. It makes it difficult to see fine details, either close up or from a distance.
- Presbyopia - A progressively diminished ability to focus on near objects with age.

  PROS CONS CR's TAKE
LENSES
Glass
$68-$180
Superior optical quality; scratch-resistant. Heavy; breakage may cause eye damage; transmits UV light. Avoid.
CR-39
$29-$129
Superior optical quality; least costly. Thick with heavy prescriptions; not the best choice for drill-mounted, rimless frames; scratches. Bad for sports or for people who do not have two healthy eyes. Good for mild prescriptions.
Polycarbonate
$50-$180
Highly shatter-resistant; thinner and lighter than CR-39; natural UV protection; includes scratch protection. Easily scratched even with scratch protection; more costly than CR-39 and optically inferior. The choice for children, sports enthusiasts, and others who are likely to break glasses or for people with only one healthy eye.
NXT polyurethane
$
Superior impact-resistance; excellent optical clarity; flexible and lightweight. Expensive.  
Acrylic
$
Inexpensive alternative to polycarbonate, best suited for casual or occasional-use sunglasses. Less durable and optically clear than polycarbonate or glass; some image distortion.  
High-index
$49-$275
Thinner than polycarbonate; lightweight; natural UV protection; includes scratch protection. May be expensive;optically inferior to CR-39. Good for heavy prescriptions. Functions best with anti-reflective coating.
Trivex
$100-$135
Lightweight; thinner and optically superior to polycarbonate; natural UV protection; impact-resistant. New material with limited availability; scratches. Best choice for drill-mounted, rimless or semi-rimless frames.
COATING
Scratch-resistant
$0-$10
Protects lenses. Usually included, though sometimes an option, with CR-39 lenses. Additional expense, if needed. Add, if not included. Anti-smudge and water-resistant versions may perform better.
Anti-reflective
$30-$125
Improves clarity, especially for night driving and computer use. Reduces reflections, making eyes more attractive to others. Additional expense; makes lenses more susceptible to dirt and smudges and harder to clean, especially as coating ages. Ask to see a sample of coated and uncoated lens to understand what you're getting. Especially good for high-index lenses.
Ultraviolet protection
$7-$25
Blocks ultraviolet light. Additional and unnecessary expense for some lenses. An extra precaution for CR-39 lenses.
EDGES
Polished
$10-$25
Removes milky appearance of rimless and semi-rimless glasses. May be additional expense. Ask to see samples.
Rolled and polished
$10-$40
Reduces perceived thickness of high prescription lenses. Additional expense. Rolled edges usually are polished as well. Ask to see samples.
Source: ConsumerReports.org


Links:
Vision in health
Simplify Rx - Lens Power at Norville
Corrective lens at Wikipedia

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last updated 11 Aug 2011