Battle of Culloden 1746
A battle between the Scots led by Bonnie Prince Charlie and the English in a sporadic civil war for succession to the throne, after King James VII of Scotland and II of England was deposed. In reality the Scots on the Government side outnumbered those fighting for the Jacobites.

Seven Years War 1756-63
Worldwide war fought in Europe, North America, and India between France, Austria, Russia, Saxony, Sweden, and (after 1762) Spain on the one side and Prussia, Great Britain, and Hanover on the other. Ended with England triumphant over France and Spain.

Alamo 1836
Famous battle in San Antonio for Texas to become an independent territory from Mexico. Col. Travis, Davy Crockett and Jim Bowie were the best known of the fighters. They held off Gen. Santa Anna's army of 4,000 men for 13 days.
At least 1,500 Mexicans were killed or wounded, and Santa AnnaÕs advance into Texas was delayed for two weeks, which gave Texas enough time to gather the army that defeated Mexico two months later.

Japanese, Italian & German American Interrments 1942
110,000-120,000 Japanese Americans, 3-10,000 Italian Americans and some German Americans were interred in detention camps in the US during World War II. The Intalians and Germans were mostly foreign nationals who had not received citizenship while two-thirds of the Japanese were citizens.
In addition 600,000 Italian Americans and 300,000 German Americans were classified as "Enemy Aliens" and had their civil liberties restricted. The fisherman father of baseball great Joe DiMaggio, who had a 56-game hitting streak in 1941, was told he could not fish San Francisco Bay or visit the city.
See: WW2 Database, Japanese American National Museum in LA, ANNOTICO Report

Northern Ireland 1969-1998
The conflict started with an Irish massacre of scots in N. Ireland in 1641, following a migration of Scots in 1610 to plantations taken over by wealthy scots.

The Catholic Irish Republican Army (IRA) wants to eject the British and unify Northern Ireland with the Irish Republic to the south. The Protestants remained loyal to the United Kingdom. Peace talks began in 1997 after three years of negotiations on the criteria for talks. For the first time, Sinn Fein, the political wing of the IRA, won two seats in the British Parliament. The resounding commitment to the settlement was demonstrated in a dual referendum on May 22, 1998: the North approved the accord by a vote of 71% to 29%, and in the Irish Republic 94% favored it.
See Ireland - Major Killings


last updated 17 Mar 2004